What Does Fall Bring to Fly Fishing?
Cooler temperatures are a given in fall—usually. As the thermometer drops, oxygen levels in the water stabilize, and fish become far more active than they were during the summer, when high temps pushed trout to seek refuge near tributary mouths, cold seeps, and springs.
Fall also marks the beginning of increased metabolism in brown trout. Combine that with the oncoming spawn, and you’re looking at some aggressive fish. For context, brown trout typically spawn through the winter, but October is the time in Pennsylvania when things really start to stir. This is when we start seeing more action—especially streamer opportunities—as these trout gear up for the spawn.
Rainbow trout, on the other hand, spawn in the spring, and brook trout tend to move into spawning gravel during winter as well. However, here’s an important sidenote: many of Pennsylvania’s stocked rainbow trout have been selectively bred to spawn in the fall. I won’t dive too deep into that here, but it’s worth knowing if you’re targeting them.
There’s an important conservation point to make, though: many anglers (myself included) avoid fishing over spawning trout or in key spawning areas. If you’re out this time of year, please steer clear of shallow gravel flats with even, moderate flows—those are likely redds (spawning beds). If you see a fish holding in one of those spots, let it be. Not all trout spawn every year, so there are still plenty of opportunities to fish the runs, deep pools, and even riffles without disturbing the natural cycle.
Fall Offers More Than Just Fishing
Aside from the fishing itself, fall brings a perfect backdrop for the fly angler. Crisp mornings and cool evenings are ideal for a pre- or post-trip campfire. And let’s not forget the scenery—the mountains draped in fiery reds, golds, and oranges feel like nature’s invitation to get outside. For the fly fishing enthusiast, it’s one of the best times of the year.
The Steelhead Run in Northwestern Pennsylvania
Another exciting event unique to our state happens up in the northwestern region—specifically in Erie. Known for its lake, vineyards, gorgeous sunsets, and vibrant tourism scene, Erie comes alive in the fall for another reason: the steelhead run.
Thousands of anglers—of all skill levels and backgrounds—gather at the Lake Erie tributaries to chase monster rainbow trout, better known as Lake Erie steelhead. These fish are no joke—each one typically measures 18 inches or more, with the power and fight to back it up.
Hooking one of these fish is about as close as you’ll get to a saltwater battle without leaving freshwater. Their strength can truly test your gear, especially your drag. I’m not going to get deep into gear recommendations here, but I will point you to several podcast episodes we’ve done covering steelhead season (links below).
Don’t Let the Crowds Deter You
Now, I know what you’re thinking—thousands of anglers in one area? Sounds overwhelming. But don’t let the crowd size scare you off. With a good guide—and yes, I admit I’m biased—you’ll be able to find your way through the chaos and still have a productive, enjoyable experience.
If the water’s too low (as it was much of last season), we don’t fish. If it’s blown out, we stay off the water because safety always comes first. But between those extremes lies a wide range of fishable conditions, and believe me—we take full advantage of them.
So, let this be your invitation: come explore the beautiful Lake Erie region this fall. Eat a sandwich so big (Teresa’s small) you couldn’t finish it. Check out some amazing local breweries. And most of all, enjoy the chance to hook into a fish that makes your drag scream and your heart race.
That moment alone? Worth the trip.